The thermostat on your HVAC system has evolved from a humble control panel you manually controlled, to a programmable or smart piece of electronics.
A manually controlled thermostat has basic controls for increasing or decreasing temperature, but is reliant upon the user to adjust settings as the temperatures outside, and the seasons, change.
A programmable thermostat can be adjusted to change the temperature throughout the day, can be set to reflect your usage on any given day. For example, have different settings for weekdays and weekends. You can also manually override settings if you wish to. The ability to program temperature can result in running costs being reduced.