Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease):
Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that support your teeth. It typically starts with gingivitis (mild inflammation) and can progress to periodontitis, a more serious condition that can lead to tooth loss if not treated.
🔹 Types of Gum Disease
1. Gingivitis
Early stage of gum disease
Caused by plaque buildup on teeth
Gums become red, swollen, and may bleed during brushing
2. Periodontitis
Advanced gum disease
The inner layer of the gum pulls away from the teeth and forms pockets
These pockets collect debris and can become infected
Can lead to bone and tooth loss
🔹 Causes
Poor oral hygiene (infrequent brushing/flossing)
Smoking or tobacco use
Genetics
Diabetes
Certain medications (that reduce saliva)
Hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause)
Poor nutrition
Stress
🔹 Symptoms
Red, swollen, or tender gums
Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
Persistent bad breath
Receding gums
Loose or shifting teeth
Pain when chewing
Pus between teeth and gums
🔹 Treatment
1. For Gingivitis:
Improved oral hygiene
Professional dental cleaning
Antibacterial mouthwash
2. For Periodontitis:
Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning)
Antibiotics (topical or oral)
Surgical treatments (flap surgery, bone grafts)
Laser therapy (in some cases)
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🔹 Prevention
Brush teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
Floss daily
Use an antimicrobial mouthwash
