Attrition
-Common Causes
-Bruxism (teeth grinding)
-Clenching of teeth
-Age-related wear
-Malocclusion
Management
-Night guard for patients with bruxism
-Occlusal adjustment if needed
-Restorations (composite, crowns) in severe cases
-Patient education to control grinding habits
Abrasion
Common Causes
-Aggressive tooth brushing
-Using a hard toothbrush
-Horizontal brushing technique
-Toothpicks
-Pipe smoking
-Holding objects like pins, nails, or hair clips between teeth
Management
-Correct brushing technique (Modified Bass technique)
-Use soft toothbrush
-Desensitizing toothpaste
-Restoration with composite or GIC if lesion is deep
Erosion
Causes
1. Extrinsic acids (from outside):
-Citrus fruits and juices
-Soft drinks and carbonated beverages
-Vinegar and acidic foods
2. Intrinsic acids (from inside):
-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
-Frequent vomiting (e.g., eating disorders)
Management
-Reduce acidic food and drinks
-Rinse mouth with water after acidic intake
-Use fluoride toothpaste or gel
-Restoration (composite/GIC) in severe cases
Abfraction
Causes
-Occlusal stress
-Bruxism (teeth grinding)
-Malocclusion
-Excessive biting forces
Management
Occlusal adjustment if high bite forces are present
Night guard for bruxism
Restoration with composite or GIC if the lesion is deep
-Use desensitizing toothpaste
