Kraak ware and Swatow ware were notable Chinese export ceramics in the late Ming dynasty, designed for different markets.
Origin and Export Markets:
Kraak ware: Made in Jingdezhen for European markets, mainly Dutch and Portuguese traders.
Swatow ware: Produced in Zhangzhou for Southeast Asian and Islamic markets.
Decoration and Style:
Kraak ware: Blue and white decoration with intricate designs, including auspicious symbols and landscapes.
Swatow ware: Robust and rustic appearance with bold, colourful motifs like dragons, birds, and flowers.
Firing Techniques and Finishing:
Kraak ware: Kiln-fired at high temperatures, thin and translucent body, even blue and white glaze.
Swatow ware: Fired at lower temperatures, coarser finish, thick and colourful lead glaze.
In summary, Kraak ware had delicate blue and white designs for European markets, while Swatow ware had bold, rustic motifs for Southeast Asian and Islamic markets.
